Some of the Basics about HP QTP (Quick Test Pro) tool

Recording modes in QTP
QTP supports 3 types of recording modes

1. Normal mode also called Contextual
2. Low-level recording mode
3.Analog mode

Normal Mode: It is the default recording mode and takes full advantage of QTP's Test Object Model. It recognizes objects regardless of their position on -screen. This is the preferred mode of recoding and is used for most of the automation activities.

What are Checkpoints in QTP?

What are Checkpoints in QTP?

A checkpoint is a verification point that compares a current value for a specified property with the expected value for that property.

Types of Checkpoints in QTP:

- Standard Checkpoint: Checks the property value of the object in an application or Webpage. It checks buttons,Radiobuttons,Comboboxes etc

- Bitmap checkpoint: Checks the value of an image in the application.

- Text checkpoins: Checks whether the text string is displayed in the appropriate place in your application or on a Web page

- Text Area checkpoint
- Database checkpoint: Checks the contents of a database accessed by the application

- XML Checkpoint: Checks the data content of XML documents in the application.

Note:
- Before creating checkpoints on web objects we have to select web-test option in ADD-IN Manager.
- If the objects developed in HTML we can use Standard Check point.
- If the Objects developed in XML we can use XML Check point.

How Checkpoints work?

In Checkpoints, we define what should be the state of an object at particular time. e.g.- If I have an application where a particular button gets enabled on some specific operation. I will automate that operation and will apply a checkpoint that Button should be enabled and its value should be 'OK'.... So we apply checkpoint on properties of different types of objects..

Sample Objects that QuickTest can be verified:

Windows:
- Window
- Edit-Field
- Drop-Down List
- Menu command
- Radio Button
- Checkbox
- Windows Object
- Status Bar
- Text Area

WEB:
- Browser
- Text Area
- Text Link
- Images
- Image Link
- Edit Field
- Drop Down List
- checkbox
- Radio Button
- Tables/Grids
- web Elements

What is Synchronization in QTP?

What is Synchronization in QTP?

Synchronization refers to adding a step in the script that instructs Quick Test to wait for a particular object before proceeding to the next step during playback.
   
When do we need SYNCHRONIZATION ?

       When you observe that the application takes a longer time to process information sent or respond to a client request, add a synchronization step while recording. E.g.-:
   
    - A progress bar to reach 100%.
    - A button to become enabled...
   - A window or pop-up message to open.
   
How to Add Synchronization?

    - Synchronization can be added only during recording.
    - Identify the object to be synchronized.
    - Navigate to the window where the object is located.
    - Locate the step in the test that corresponds to the object.
    - Start recording and add the synchronization point.

Two Ways of Setting Synchronization Point?

    1. Global synchronization value for all Objects:

        Instructs Quick Test to wait for all the objects for a specific amount of time.

        MENU > TEST > SETTINGS > RUN > "Object Synchronization Timeout" : For every object in the test, Quick Test can wait a maximum number of milliseconds specified in the settings

     2. Synchronization of a specific Object:

         Instructs Quick Test to wait for a specific object only.

        Menu > Insert > Step > Synchronization Point

Quick Test shall pause the test until the object property achieves the value specified (or until the specific timeout amount is exceeded)...
       
Quick Test uses one of the object’s properties as the waiting criteria. E.g. ‘Text’ property for window, ‘Label’ property for buttons etc...

What are different recording modes in QTP???

1) Normal recording

It is used for recording the operations perform at different contacts on the standard GUI objects.

2) Analog Recording

It is used for recording the continuous operations.

3) Low-level Recording

It is special recording mode provided by QTP, which is used for recording the minimum operations on the non-Supported environments also.

1.     It will generate the corresponding test script statement for every user action.
2.     It will also store the required related information in the object repository.

What is Smart Identification in QTP?

What is Smart Identification in QTP?

When QuickTest uses the learned description to identify an object, it searches for an object that matches all of the property values in the description. In most cases, this description is thesimplest way to identify the object and unless the main properties of the object change this methodwill work.

If QuickTest is unable to find any object that matches the learned object description or if it finds more than one object that fits the description, then QuickTest ignores the learned description and uses the Smart Identification mechanism to try to identify the object.

Smart Identification mechanism is more complex and very flexible. If configured logically a SmartIdentification definition can probably help QuickTest identification of an object if it is present even when the learned description fails.

The Smart Identification mechanism uses two types of properties:

1) Base Filter Properties:

The most fundamental properties of a particular test object class whose values cannot be changed without changing the essence of the original object. For example, if Web link's tag was changed from to any other value, you could no longer call it the same object.

2) Optional Filter Properties:

Other properties that can help identify objects of a particular class. These properties are unlikely to change on a regular basis but can be ignored if they are no longer applicable.

What are Ordinal Identifiers in QTP?

What are Ordinal Identifiers in QTP?

If QTP feels that its unable to uniquely identify an object on the basis of Mandatory and Assitive properties then it looks for Ordinal Identifiers.

        # Generally we should not encourage the Ordinal Identifier but when the application is Stable then we may use it.

        # Once the application is stable then only we go for Automation, till such time we do only manual testing.

There are three types of ordinal identifiers that QuickTest can use to identify an object:

1.    Index
2.    LOcation
3.    Creation Time

1. "Index" Indicates the order in which the object appears in the application code relative to other objects with an otherwise identical description.

2. "Location" Indicates the order in which the object appears within the parent window frame/dialog box relative to other objects with an otherwise identical description.

3. "CreationTime" (Browser object only) Indicates the order in which the browser was opened relative to other open browsers with an otherwise identical description

Whats is an Object Repository in QTP?

Whats is Object Repository in QTP:

It's defined as a Storage place where we can store the Objects' information and it also act as an Interface between the Test Script and AUT in order to Identify the Object during the execution.

Types of Object Repository:

    1. Per-Action Repository
     2. Shared Repository

Per-Action Repository:

For every action a Separate individual repository is created automatically and managed by QTP.   

•    Per-action repository  can’t be Re-usable
•    Space  required for storage is Less
•    Execution speed is fast

Shared Repository:

Repository needs to be associated to the corresponding test manually.

•    For long run we go for shared repository even though we need to create manully.
•    Shared repository can be re-usable
•    Space  required for storage is more
•    Execution speed is slow
•    Easily maintenance

Basics about QTP : Mercury Interactive Functional Testing Tool (Now HP)

1. QTP : Quick Test Professional, a Mercury Interactive Functional Testing Tool

(Now an HP tool afer overtake)

2. Scripting language used by QTP: QTP uses VB scripting.

3. QTP is based on two concept Recording & Playback

4. How many types of recording facility are available in QTP ?

QTP provides three types of recording methods-
- Context Recording (Normal)
- Analog Recording
- Low Level Recording

5. How many types of Parameters are available in QTP ?

QTP provides three types of Parameter-
- Method Argument
- Data Driven
- Dynamic

6. What is QTP testing process ?

QTP testing process consist of seven steps-
- Preparing to recoding
- Recording
- Enhancing your script
- Debugging
- Run
- Analyze
- Report Defects

7. What is Active Screen ?

It provides the snapshots of your application as it appeared when you performed a

certain steps during recording session.

8. What is Test Pane ?

Test Pane contains Tree View and Expert View tabs.

9. What is Data Table ?

It assists you about parameterizing the test.

10. What is the Test Tree ?

It provides graphical representation of your operations which you have performed

with your application.

11. Which all environment QTP supports ?

ERP/ CRM
Java/ J2EE
VB, .NET
Multimedia, XML
Web Objects, ActiveX controls
SAP, Oracle, Siebel, PeopleSoft
Web Services, Terminal Emulator
IE, NN, AOL

12. How can you view the Test Tree ?

The Test Tree is displayed through Tree View tab.

13. What’s the Expert View ?

Expert View display the Test Script.

14. Which keyword is used for Nornam Recording ?

F3

15. Which keyword is used to run the test script ?

F5

16. Which keyword is used to stop the recording ?

F4

17. Which keyword is used for Analog Recording ?

Ctrl+Shift+F4

18. Which keyword is used for Low Level Recording ?

Ctrl+Shift+F3

19. Which keyword used to switch between Tree View and Expert View ?

Ctrl+Tab

20. What is a Transaction ?

You can measure how long it takes to run a section of your test by defining

transactions.

21. Where you can view the results of the checkpoint ?

You can view the results of the checkpoints in the Test Result Window.

22. What is Standard Checkpoint ?

Standard Checkpoints checks the property value of an object in your application or

web page.

23. Which environment are supported by Standard Checkpoint ?

Standard Checkpoint are supported for all add-in environments.

24. What is Image Checkpoint ?

Image Checkpoint check the value of an image in your application or web page.

25. Which environments are supported by Image Checkpoint ?

Image Checkpoint are supported only Web environment.

26. What is Bitmap Checkpoint ?

Bitmap Checkpoint checks the bitmap images in your web page or application.

27. Which environment are supported by Bitmap Checkpoints ?

Bitmap checkpoints are supported all add-in environment.

28. What is Table Checkpoints ?

Table Checkpoint checks the information with in a table.

29. Which environments are supported by Table Checkpoint ?

Table Checkpoints are supported only ActiveX environment.

30. What is Text Checkpoint ?

Text Checkpoint checks that a test string is displayed in the appropriate place in

your application or on web page.

31. Which environment are supported by Test Checkpoint ?

Text Checkpoint are supported all add-in environments


MORE INFO:

* QTP records each steps you perform and generates a test tree and test script.

* QTP records in normal recording mode.

* If you are creating a test on web object, you can record your test on one browser

and run it on another browser.

* Analog Recording and Low Level Recording require more disk sapce than normal

recording mode.